The effect of two atypical antipsychotics on QTc intervals (heart rate-corrected QT interval) was evaluated. Patients (N=109) with schizophrenia (79%) or schizoaffective disorder (21%) were randomly assigned in 2 : 2 : 1 ratio to paliperidone extended release (ER), quetiapine, or placebo. Doses of 12 and 18 mg/day of paliperidone ER were compared with quetiapine 800 mg/day. Least-squares mean change from baseline in population-specific linear-derived correction method from baseline to days 6-7 at individual tmax was 5.1 ms less [90% confidence interval: -9.2 to -0.9] with paliperidone ER 12 mg/day than with quetiapine 800 mg/day. On the basis of a prespecified 10-ms noninferiority margin, paliperidone ER was thus declared noninferior to quetiapine (primary analysis). Mean change in population-specific linear-derived correction method from baseline to days 11-12 at individual tmax was 2.3 ms less (90% confidence interval: -6.8 to 2.3) with paliperidone ER 18 mg/day than with quetiapine 800 mg/day. Treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 36 (82%) patients treated with paliperidone ER, 41 (95%) patients treated with quetiapine, and 14 (64%) patients treated with placebo. No adverse events of a proarrhythmic nature were noted. The effect on the QTc interval in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder was comparable between paliperidone ER 12 mg/day (maximum recommended dose), paliperidone ER 18 mg/day (supratherapeutic dose), and quetiapine 800 mg/day.