Comparison of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations measured by a direct homogeneous assay and by the Friedewald formula in a large community population

Abstract

Background: We compare the direct homogeneous low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) assay with the Friedewald formula (FF) for determination of LDL-C in a large community-dwelling population.

Methods: A total of 21,194 apparently healthy subjects aged 40 to 79 years with triglyceride (TG) concentrations <4.52 mmol/l were enrolled. LDL-C were directly measured by the enzymatic homogeneous assay (LDL-C (D)) and also estimated by the FF (LDL-C (F)). Paired t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis were performed and the concordances of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) risk category were estimated.

Results: Both in fasting (n=3270) and nonfasting samples (n=17,924), LDL-C (D) highly correlated with LDL-C (F): r=0.971 and 0.955, respectively. Concordant results for NCEP categories were 84.8% for fasting samples and 80.1% for nonfasting samples. However, the bias between the 2 measurements increased in samples with TG concentrations >1.69 mmol/l, especially in nonfasting samples.

Conclusions: The results showing less variability of the direct LDL-C assay than that of the FF in nonfasting samples suggest that epidemiological studies can use LDL-C measured by the direct assay both in fasting and nonfasting samples.