Identification and characterization of GRIM-1, a cell-death-associated gene product

J Cell Sci. 2010 Aug 15;123(Pt 16):2781-91. doi: 10.1242/jcs.070250. Epub 2010 Jul 27.

Abstract

Using a genome-wide technical knockout, we isolated a newly identified set of GRIM (genes associated with retinoid-interferon-induced mortality) genes; GRIM genes mediate IFN- and retinoic-acid (RA)-induced cell death. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of one such gene, GRIM-1. Three proteins, with identical C-termini, were produced from the GRIM-1 open reading frame when this gene was transcribed and translated in vitro. These protein isoforms, designated GRIM-1alpha, GRIM-1beta and GRIM-1gamma, differentially suppressed growth via apoptosis in various cell lines. We also show that a caspase-dependent mechanism generates the proapoptotic GRIM-1 isoforms. Lastly, GRIM-1 isoforms differentially blocked maturation of 18S ribosomal RNA, consistent with their respective growth-suppressive ability. Together, these studies identified a novel protein involved in growth suppression and cell death.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Retracted Publication

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Apoptosis / genetics
  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / biosynthesis
  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / genetics*
  • Caspase 9 / metabolism
  • Cell Death / drug effects*
  • Cell Death / genetics*
  • Cell Growth Processes / genetics
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Gene Knockout Techniques
  • HeLa Cells
  • Humans
  • Interferon-beta / pharmacology*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Nude
  • Protein Isoforms
  • Proteins / genetics
  • RNA, Ribosomal / genetics
  • RNA, Ribosomal / metabolism
  • Tretinoin / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins
  • Protein Isoforms
  • Proteins
  • RNA, Ribosomal
  • Tretinoin
  • Interferon-beta
  • Caspase 9