Dementia following herpes zoster encephalitis

Clin Neuropsychol. 2010 Oct;24(7):1193-203. doi: 10.1080/13854041003736778. Epub 2010 May 24.

Abstract

We studied the rare case of an older adult with dementia following herpes zoster encephalitis (HZE). This 71-year-old woman presented to us approximately 1 year following resolution of a rapid-onset episode of HZE, and subsequently underwent neuropsychological and neuroimaging examinations. Cognitive assessment revealed impairments in general cognitive functioning, verbal and nonverbal memory, executive functions, speed of information processing, attention/working memory, and motor skills. The patient's neuroimaging data, when compared to a demographically similar healthy control sample (n = 9), demonstrated moderate central and perisylvian brain volume loss, several subcortical lesions in the white matter, and resting state whole brain and hippocampal hypoperfusion. These findings highlight neuropsychological changes evident in a dementia syndrome of this type, and they suggest that early identification and treatment of HZE has implications for the preservation of long-term cognitive functioning.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Brain / diagnostic imaging
  • Brain / pathology
  • Dementia / diagnostic imaging
  • Dementia / etiology*
  • Dementia / virology
  • Encephalitis, Varicella Zoster / complications*
  • Encephalitis, Varicella Zoster / diagnostic imaging
  • Encephalitis, Varicella Zoster / psychology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Angiography
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Neuropsychological Tests
  • Radiography