Enhanced dissolution and bioavailability of raloxifene hydrochloride by co-grinding with different superdisintegrants

Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2010 Mar;58(3):293-300. doi: 10.1248/cpb.58.293.

Abstract

The present study investigated the effect of co-grinding raloxifene HCL (RHCL) with different superdisintegrants, namely crospovidone (CP), croscarmellose sodium (CCS) and sodium starch glycolate (SSG), using a ball mill, in order to determine the potential effect on dissolution rate and bioavailability of raloxifene hydrochloride (RHCL). The dissolution studies of the co-ground compositions and the corresponding physical mixtures were carried out in U.S. Pharmacopeia (USP) Type II apparatus. The solid state interactions of the co-ground and the physical mixtures were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The pharmacokinetics of co-ground mixture (1 : 5 RHCL : CP) and milled RHCL was evaluated following oral administration (25 mg/kg) in healthy female Sprague-Dawley rats. DSC studies showed that the crystalline nature of RHCL was reduced after co-grinding with superdisintegrants, while co-grinding with CP resulted in significant particle-size reduction of the mixture. Significant enhancement in dissolution rate was observed with co-ground mixture of RHCL with CP (1 : 5). The extent of the mean plasma exposures of RHCL was 7-fold higher in animals treated with co-ground mixture of RHCL, CP (1 : 5) compared to animals treated with milled RHCL. Co-grinding of RHCL with CP, reduced drug crystallinity, increased the rate and extent of dissolution, and improved bioavailability.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biological Availability
  • Calorimetry, Differential Scanning
  • Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium / chemistry*
  • Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
  • Female
  • Particle Size
  • Povidone / chemistry*
  • Raloxifene Hydrochloride / chemistry*
  • Raloxifene Hydrochloride / pharmacokinetics*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Solubility
  • Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
  • Starch / analogs & derivatives*
  • Starch / chemistry
  • Surface Properties
  • Temperature
  • Tissue Distribution
  • X-Ray Diffraction

Substances

  • Raloxifene Hydrochloride
  • Starch
  • sodium starch glycolate
  • Povidone
  • Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium