The N-terminal region of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus protein 6 induces membrane rearrangement and enhances virus replication

J Virol. 2010 Apr;84(7):3542-51. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02570-09. Epub 2010 Jan 27.

Abstract

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) accessory protein 6 (p6) is a 63-amino-acid multifunctional Golgi-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane-associated protein, with roles in enhancing virus replication and in evading the innate immune response to infection by inhibiting STAT1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription factor 1) translocation to the nucleus. Here, we demonstrate that p6 has an N-terminal region-cytoplasm-C-terminal region-cytoplasm configuration with residues 2 to 37 likely membrane embedded. Expression of p6, or of its N-terminal 41-amino-acid region, in the absence of other viral proteins, induced the formation of membranous structures, some of which were similar to double membrane vesicles involved in virus replication. Consistent with a role in virus replication, p6 partially colocalized with nonstructural protein 3 (nsp3), a marker for virus replication complexes. Further, while the C-terminal region is required for preventing STAT1 translocation to the nucleus, our results also indicated that the N-terminal 18 amino acids were necessary for maximal inhibition. Collectively, these results support the notion that p6 is a two-domain protein, although the function of each is not completely independent of the other.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Active Transport, Cell Nucleus
  • Cell Membrane / chemistry*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Humans
  • Protein Structure, Secondary
  • Protein Transport
  • STAT1 Transcription Factor / metabolism
  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / physiology*
  • Viral Proteins / chemistry
  • Viral Proteins / physiology*
  • Virus Replication*

Substances

  • STAT1 Transcription Factor
  • STAT1 protein, human
  • Viral Proteins
  • protein 6, SARS virus