Minor sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane components that modulate excitation-contraction coupling in striated muscles

J Physiol. 2009 Jul 1;587(Pt 13):3071-9. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.171876. Epub 2009 Apr 29.

Abstract

In striated muscle, activation of contraction is initiated by membrane depolarisation caused by an action potential, which triggers the release of Ca(2+) stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum by a process called excitation-contraction coupling. Excitation-contraction coupling occurs via a highly sophisticated supramolecular signalling complex at the junction between the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the transverse tubules. It is generally accepted that the core components of the excitation-contraction coupling machinery are the dihydropyridine receptors, ryanodine receptors and calsequestrin, which serve as voltage sensor, Ca(2+) release channel, and Ca(2+) storage protein, respectively. Nevertheless, a number of additional proteins have been shown to be essential both for the structural formation of the machinery involved in excitation-contraction coupling and for its fine tuning. In this review we discuss the functional role of minor sarcoplasmic reticulum protein components. The definition of their roles in excitation-contraction coupling is important in order to understand how mutations in genes involved in Ca(2+) signalling cause neuromuscular disorders.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Calcium Signaling / genetics
  • Calcium Signaling / physiology
  • Humans
  • Models, Biological
  • Muscle Contraction / genetics
  • Muscle Contraction / physiology*
  • Muscle Proteins / genetics
  • Muscle Proteins / physiology
  • Muscle, Skeletal / physiology*
  • Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / physiology*

Substances

  • Muscle Proteins