Secondary amenorrhea with low serum luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone caused by an inhibin A- and inhibin B-producing granulosa cell tumor

Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Mar;48(1):72-5. doi: 10.1016/S1028-4559(09)60040-1.

Abstract

Objective: Here, we report a case of secondary amenorrhea with low serum luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels due to an inhibin A- and inhibin B-producing granulosa cell tumor of the ovary.

Case report: A woman aged 26 with infertility, secondary amenorrhea and low levels of gonadotropin was referred to us as a case of hypothalamic amenorrhea. There was a mass measuring 56 x 41 mm in her right adnexa. We were suspicious of malignancy and checked the tumor marker levels. Laboratory findings showed high levels of inhibin A and B. She underwent an exploratory laparotomy. Microscopic examination revealed an adult granulosa cell tumor. Eighteen days after excision, she had spontaneous menstruation with normal levels of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone.

Conclusion: A granulosa cell tumor secretes inhibin A and B, which suppress follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone release through a central mechanism. This leads to amenorrhea, which can be misdiagnosed as hypothalamic amenorrhea. Inhibin producing ovarian tumors must be considered in the assessment of patients with apparent hypothalamic amenorrhea.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Amenorrhea / blood*
  • Amenorrhea / etiology*
  • Female
  • Follicle Stimulating Hormone / blood
  • Granulosa Cell Tumor / complications
  • Granulosa Cell Tumor / metabolism*
  • Granulosa Cell Tumor / pathology
  • Humans
  • Inhibins / metabolism*
  • Luteinizing Hormone / blood
  • Ovarian Neoplasms / complications
  • Ovarian Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Ovarian Neoplasms / pathology

Substances

  • inhibin A
  • inhibin B
  • Inhibins
  • Luteinizing Hormone
  • Follicle Stimulating Hormone