A 38-year-old man received a heart transplant because of dilated cardiomyopathy in 1984, at a time when no HIV screening test was available. Two and a half years after heart transplantation he was found to be HIV seropositive, but as of March 1990 he was still without symptoms of clinical AIDS. Neither the patient nor the organ donor belonged to any of the known risk groups, and a retrospective analysis revealed that presumably cryoprecipitates of clotting factors were the vectors of transmission.