Is the healthy middle ear a normally sterile site?

Otol Neurotol. 2009 Feb;30(2):174-7. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0b013e31819225a0.

Abstract

Objective: To systematically evaluate the presumption that the healthy middle ear becomes colonized with organisms via the patent eustachian tube using modern microbiologic techniques.

Study design: Sterile saline washings were obtained from the middle ear of patients in a prospective fashion.

Setting: Tertiary/quaternary referral centers.

Patients: Pediatric and adult patients undergoing cochlear implantation surgery.

Intervention(s): Standard bacterial and viral cultures, and nucleic acid amplification techniques.

Main outcome measure(s): Identification of organisms.

Results: Specimens were obtained from 13 children and 9 adults. No organisms were identified in any of the specimens, either through standard culture or PCR testing.

Conclusion: The presumption that the healthy middle ear is colonized by bacteria from the nasopharynx is unsubstantiated.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Bacteria / genetics
  • Bacteria / isolation & purification
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cochlear Implantation
  • Culture Media
  • DNA, Bacterial / genetics
  • DNA, Bacterial / isolation & purification
  • Ear, Middle / microbiology*
  • Ear, Middle / virology
  • Eustachian Tube / immunology
  • Eustachian Tube / virology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nasopharynx / microbiology
  • Nasopharynx / virology
  • Otologic Surgical Procedures
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Specimen Handling

Substances

  • Culture Media
  • DNA, Bacterial