Striatal and extrastriatal D2/D3-receptor-binding properties of ziprasidone: a positron emission tomography study with [18F]Fallypride and [11C]raclopride (D2/D3-receptor occupancy of ziprasidone)

J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2008 Dec;28(6):608-17. doi: 10.1097/JCP.0b013e31818ba2f6.

Abstract

To elucidate the "atypicality" of ziprasidone, its striatal and extrastriatal D2/D3-receptor binding was characterized in patients with schizophrenia under steady-state conditions. These data were compared with striatal receptor occupancy values after single-dose ziprasidone ingestion in healthy controls. [F]fallypride positron emission tomography (PET) recordings were obtained in 15 patients under steady-state ziprasidone treatment at varying time points after the last dose. Binding potentials were calculated for striatal and extrastriatal regions. D2/D3-receptor occupancies were expressed relative to binding potentials in 8 unmedicated patients. In a parallel [C]raclopride-PET study, striatal D2/D3-receptor occupancy was measured in healthy subjects after single oral doses of 40 mg ziprasidone or 7.5 mg haloperidol. Ziprasidone plasma concentrations correlated significantly with D2/D3-receptor occupancies in all volumes of interests. Occupancy in extrastriatal regions was approximately 10% higher than in striatal regions. Half maximal effective concentration values were consistently higher in striatal than in extrastriatal regions (temporal cortex: 39 ng/mL; putamen: 64 ng/mL), irrespective of the time between last dosing and scan. Single ziprasidone doses resulted in higher occupancies exceeding the 95% prediction limits of the occupancy versus plasma concentrations for chronic dosing. Ziprasidone shares moderate preferential extrastriatal D2/D3-receptor binding with some other atypicals. D2/D3-receptor occupancy is rapidly attuning to the daily course of ziprasidone plasma levels, suggesting relatively high intraday variations of D2/D3-receptor binding. The discrepancies between single-dose and steady-state results are important for the future design of dose-finding PET occupancy studies of novel antipsychotics. Single-dose studies may not be totally relied on for final dose selection.

Publication types

  • Controlled Clinical Trial
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antipsychotic Agents / administration & dosage
  • Antipsychotic Agents / blood
  • Antipsychotic Agents / metabolism*
  • Basal Ganglia / diagnostic imaging
  • Basal Ganglia / metabolism*
  • Benzamides / metabolism
  • Binding, Competitive
  • Carbon Radioisotopes
  • Dopamine Antagonists / administration & dosage
  • Dopamine Antagonists / blood
  • Dopamine Antagonists / metabolism*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Female
  • Fluorine Radioisotopes
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Piperazines / administration & dosage
  • Piperazines / blood
  • Piperazines / metabolism*
  • Positron-Emission Tomography*
  • Pyrrolidines / metabolism
  • Raclopride / metabolism
  • Radiopharmaceuticals / metabolism
  • Receptors, Dopamine D2 / metabolism*
  • Receptors, Dopamine D3 / metabolism*
  • Schizophrenia / diagnostic imaging
  • Schizophrenia / drug therapy
  • Schizophrenia / metabolism*
  • Thiazoles / administration & dosage
  • Thiazoles / blood
  • Thiazoles / metabolism*
  • Time Factors
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antipsychotic Agents
  • Benzamides
  • Carbon Radioisotopes
  • DRD3 protein, human
  • Dopamine Antagonists
  • Fluorine Radioisotopes
  • N-((1-allyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)-5-(3-fluoropropyl)-2,3-dimethoxybenzamide
  • Piperazines
  • Pyrrolidines
  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • Receptors, Dopamine D2
  • Receptors, Dopamine D3
  • Thiazoles
  • Raclopride
  • ziprasidone