Long-term outcome of percutaneous coronary intervention for unprotected left main coronary artery disease

Int J Cardiol. 2010 Feb 4;138(3):272-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2008.08.016. Epub 2008 Sep 19.

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the in-hospital, 30 day and long-term outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention for unprotected left main coronary artery disease.

Backgrounds: Left main coronary artery (LMCA) diseases stenosis is a strong indication for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). With improved device technology, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stent (DES) stents had been recently advocated as an alternative procedure for the unprotected LMCA disease.

Methods: Between January 2003 and February 2007, all unprotected LMCA PCI procedures were retrospectively collected. Outcomes were obtained by chart record review and telephone interview.

Results: Fifty five consecutive patients with >50% diameter stenosis of LMCA undergoing PCI were analyzed. Indications for a percutaneous strategy were prohibitive surgical risks, or patient/physician preference. The procedural success rate was 98%. 41 patients (75%) received DES implantation. The majority of cases (n=33) were treated with a double-stent strategy. There were no in-hospital deaths. The clinical follow-up time was 867+/-410 days (range 20-1715). 18 (29%) patients experienced major adverse cardiac events, including 3 (5%) deaths, 4 (7%) myocardial infarctions, and 12 (21.8%) target lesion revascularizations (TLR) during follow-up. Multivariate analysis revealed hyperlipidemia (Hazard ratio, HR=6.2, p=0.024) and bifurcation involvement (HR=4.4, p=0.008) were independent predictors for MACE.

Conclusions: Our results showed that PCI with stenting was an acceptable treatment option for patients with LMCA stenosis. Involvement of the LMCA bifurcation remains a predictor for unfavorable outcome.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / mortality*
  • Coronary Artery Disease / mortality*
  • Coronary Artery Disease / therapy*
  • Coronary Restenosis / mortality
  • Databases, Factual
  • Drug-Eluting Stents / statistics & numerical data*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hyperlipidemias / mortality
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Myocardial Infarction / mortality
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prevalence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome