A descriptive examination of the impact of sternal scar formation in women

Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2009 Jun;8(2):112-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ejcnurse.2008.08.001. Epub 2008 Sep 14.

Abstract

Formation of abnormal scars is a significant source of morbidity following sternotomy. We undertook a descriptive exploratory mixed methods study of women (n=13) who participated in the Women's Recovery from Sternotomy Trial to examine the: (1) qualitative impact of the cosmetic result of sternotomy, and (2) quantitative association between subjective satisfaction and objective ratings of the sternal scar. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze the data generated from semi-structured interviews. Though the participants appreciated that having the scar was a cost of reaping the benefits of having cardiac surgery, they were not well prepared to learn to live with the scar. The scar was a poignant personal reminder that they had a health problem and underwent a distressing surgery, and it often rendered them feeling less attractive. The scar also had a public presence that they perceived rendered judgment from others. There was little association between the participants' subjective satisfaction (rated on a likert-type scale) and the objective scar rating using the Beausang Clinical Scar Assessment (r=0.348, p=0.294). The subjective perception of the sternal scar is of importance to women. Thus, appropriate preparation, post-operative counseling and support regarding the sternal scar are warranted.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adaptation, Psychological
  • Adult
  • Affective Symptoms / nursing
  • Affective Symptoms / psychology
  • Aged
  • Body Image*
  • Cardiac Surgical Procedures / nursing
  • Cardiac Surgical Procedures / psychology*
  • Cicatrix / nursing
  • Cicatrix / psychology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Nursing Methodology Research
  • Patient Satisfaction*
  • Sternum / surgery*