Multiple dendritic cell populations activate CD4+ T cells after viral stimulation

PLoS One. 2008 Feb 27;3(2):e1691. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0001691.

Abstract

Dendritic cells (DC) are a heterogeneous cell population that bridge the innate and adaptive immune systems. CD8alpha DC play a prominent, and sometimes exclusive, role in driving amplification of CD8(+) T cells during a viral infection. Whether this reliance on a single subset of DC also applies for CD4(+) T cell activation is unknown. We used a direct ex vivo antigen presentation assay to probe the capacity of flow cytometrically purified DC populations to drive amplification of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells following infection with influenza virus by different routes. This study examined the contributions of non-CD8alpha DC populations in the amplification of CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells in cutaneous and systemic influenza viral infections. We confirmed that in vivo, effective immune responses for CD8(+) T cells are dominated by presentation of antigen by CD8alpha DC but can involve non-CD8alpha DC. In contrast, CD4(+) T cell responses relied more heavily on the contributions of dermal DC migrating from peripheral lymphoid tissues following cutaneous infection, and CD4 DC in the spleen after systemic infection. CD4(+) T cell priming by DC subsets that is dependent upon the route of administration raises the possibility that vaccination approaches could be tailored to prime helper T cell immunity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antigen Presentation*
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / virology*
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • Cell Movement
  • Dendritic Cells / immunology*
  • Immunity
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology*
  • Mice
  • Orthomyxoviridae
  • Skin / pathology
  • Skin / virology
  • Spleen / pathology
  • Spleen / virology