Abstract
A number of ways and means have evolved to provide resistance to eubacteria challenged by beta-lactams. This review is focused on pathogens that resist by expressing low-affinity targets for these antibiotics, the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). Even within this narrow focus, a great variety of strategies have been uncovered such as the acquisition of an additional low-affinity PBP, the overexpression of an endogenous low-affinity PBP, the alteration of endogenous PBPs by point mutations or homologous recombination or a combination of the above.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Amino Acid Sequence
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Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
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Bacterial Proteins / chemistry
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Bacterial Proteins / genetics
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Bacterial Proteins / metabolism
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Enterococcus / drug effects
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Molecular Sequence Data
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Mutation
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Neisseria / drug effects
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Penicillin-Binding Proteins / chemistry*
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Penicillin-Binding Proteins / classification
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Penicillin-Binding Proteins / genetics
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Penicillin-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
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Sequence Alignment
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Staphylococcus aureus / drug effects
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Streptococcus pneumoniae / drug effects
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beta-Lactam Resistance*
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beta-Lactams / pharmacology
Substances
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Anti-Bacterial Agents
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Bacterial Proteins
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Penicillin-Binding Proteins
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beta-Lactams