Hydroxymethylglutaryl--CoA reductase inhibitor inhibits induction of nitric oxide synthase in 3T3--L1 preadipocytes

Life Sci. 2008 Jan 2;82(1-2):85-90. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2007.10.013. Epub 2007 Nov 1.

Abstract

Preadipocytes are considered to play a role in adipose tissue inflammation in obesity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) modulates the nitric oxide (NO) production via inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in preadipocytes. Undifferentiated 3T3-L1 cells, a model of preadipocytes, significantly produced NO by the treatment with the combination of lipopolysaccharide (L), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (T) and interferon-gamma (I). Pre-incubation with simvastatin, a lipophilic statin, or pravastatin, a hydrophilic one, dose-dependently inhibited the NO production in the LTI-treated cells. The effect of simvastatin was offset by mevalonate or geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) but not by squalene. The mRNA level for iNOS paralleled the NO production. The nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) was activated by the LTI-treatment, and was inhibited by addition of simvastatin or pravastatin. Mevalonate or GGPP completely offset the effect of simvastatin. Simvastatin or pravastatin also decreased the LTI-stimulated interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion. These effects of pravastatin were relatively weak compared with those of simvastatin. Y27632, an inhibitor of Rho kinase, also inhibited the LTI-induced NF-kappaB activation and iNOS expression, and decreased the production of NO and IL-6 in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. These results suggest that statins, especially lipophilic types, inhibit induction of iNOS by inhibiting the small GTP-binding protein signal in preadipocytes.

MeSH terms

  • 3T3-L1 Cells
  • Adipocytes / drug effects*
  • Adipocytes / enzymology
  • Animals
  • Enzyme Induction
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases / metabolism*
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Interleukin-6 / biosynthesis
  • Mice
  • NF-kappa B / biosynthesis
  • Nitric Oxide / biosynthesis
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase / biosynthesis
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Substances

  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
  • Interleukin-6
  • NF-kappa B
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase