Bolus infusion (BI) recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) administration is safe and effective in the surgical management of haemophilia patients with inhibitors but has not been compared directly with continuous infusion (CI). We conducted an open-label, randomized, multicenter trial comparing the efficacy and safety of rFVIIa administered by BI or CI for the surgical management of haemophilia A or B patients with inhibitors to FVIII or FIX. Safety was compared with that of a control group of non-inhibitor patients receiving FVIII or FIX concentrates for major surgery. All inhibitor subjects received an initial bolus dose of 90 microg/kg rFVIIa and were then randomly assigned to BI (n = 12) or CI (n = 12). The BI group received 90 microg/kg rFVIIa every two hours (h) during surgery through day 5, then every four hours for days 6-10. The CI group received 50 microg/kg/h rFVIIa through day 5, then 25 mg/kg/h for days 6-10. The control group (n = 12) received FVIII or FIX per institutional protocols. Twenty-two major surgeries included orthopedic procedures on the knee (n = 13), hip (n = 3), and abdominal/pelvis procedures (n = 4). One patient with an autoimmune FVIII inhibitor randomized to the BI arm was excluded from efficacy analysis. Haemostatic efficacy of rFVIIa in each group was comparable: effective in 8/11 and 9/12 subjects in the BI and CI arms, respectively, and ineffective in three subjects in each arm. Serious adverse events were related to continued or increased bleeding. In conclusion, haemostatic efficacy and safety of BI and CI of rFVIIa are comparable for the surgical management of haemophilia subjects with inhibitors.