Safety and efficacy of repaglinide in combination with metformin and bedtime NPH insulin as an insulin treatment regimen in type 2 diabetes

Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2008 Jan;79(1):42-7. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2007.07.001. Epub 2007 Aug 21.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the association of repaglinide, metformin and bedtime NPH insulin compared to two classic regimens: metformin plus NPH and two doses of NPH in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes despite two or more oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs).

Patients and methods: Random, parallel and open study of 24 weeks with 37 patients randomized into three therapeutic groups: group A (n=12) (repaglinide/metformin/NPH), group B (n=12) (metformin/NPH) and group C (n=13) (NPH/NPH). The insulin was adjusted in the visits to obtain a basal blood glucose <110 mg/dl. The endpoint criteria included HbA1c, blood glucose profile, hypoglycemias and body weight.

Results: At the end of the study, group A presented HbA1c (mean+/-standard deviation) 7.2+/-0.7%, which was significantly less than B (8.8+/-0.1%) and C (8.4+/-1.2%). In terms of absolute reduction, there were only differences (p=0.01) between group A (-2.4+/-1.1%) and B (-0.7+/-1.2%). Group A presented lower postprandial blood glucose values (p<0.01). Nor were there any significant differences in weight gain and incidence of hypoglycemia.

Conclusions: The combination of repaglinide, metformin and bedtime NPH is safe and effective and it provides better postprandial blood glucose control. The association of metformin and a dose of NPH does not obtain suitable control in patients with a long evolution who have already received two or more OADs.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Blood Glucose / drug effects
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism
  • Blood Pressure
  • Body Mass Index
  • Carbamates / therapeutic use*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / physiopathology
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Female
  • Glycated Hemoglobin / drug effects
  • Glycated Hemoglobin / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Insulin, Isophane / therapeutic use*
  • Male
  • Metformin / therapeutic use*
  • Middle Aged
  • Piperidines / therapeutic use*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Safety
  • Weight Gain / drug effects

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Carbamates
  • Glycated Hemoglobin A
  • Piperidines
  • Insulin, Isophane
  • repaglinide
  • Metformin