A computational model for the prediction of aqueous solubility that includes crystal packing, intrinsic solubility, and ionization effects

Mol Pharm. 2007 Jul-Aug;4(4):513-23. doi: 10.1021/mp070030+. Epub 2007 Jun 1.

Abstract

The optimization of aqueous solubility is an important step along the route to bringing a new therapeutic to market. We describe the development of an empirical computational model to rank the pH-dependent aqueous solubility of drug candidates. The model consists of three core components to describe aqueous solubility. The first is a multivariate QSAR model for the prediction of the intrinsic solubility of the neutral solute. The second facet of the approach is the consideration of ionization using a predicted pKa and the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. The third aspect of the model is a novel method for assessing the effects of crystal packing on solubility through a series of short molecular dynamics simulations of an actual or hypothetical small molecule crystal structure at escalating temperatures. The model also includes a Monte Carlo error function that considers the variability of each of the underlying components of the model to estimate the 90% confidence interval of estimation.

MeSH terms

  • Crystallization
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Ions / chemistry*
  • Models, Chemical
  • Models, Theoretical*
  • Molecular Structure
  • Monte Carlo Method
  • Pharmaceutical Preparations / analysis
  • Pharmaceutical Preparations / chemistry*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Solubility
  • Statistics, Nonparametric
  • Water / chemistry*

Substances

  • Ions
  • Pharmaceutical Preparations
  • Water