Diabetes management continues to fall short of evidence-based goals of care. Population management represents a new approach to diabetes care for large numbers of patients with diabetes cared for within a single clinical system. This method is information intensive and generally requires an advanced informatics infrastructure. While Information Processing is a critical first step in population management, to have a significant impact on disease control population-based intervention must also employ potent Clinical Action tools that lower barriers to effective care. In this review we present two recent population management interventions within our health system that illustrate the principles of Information Processing and Clinical Action in diabetes care.