Although there is pharmacological evidence for the involvement of the serotonergic system in the expression of spike and wave discharges (SWDs) in experimental absence epilepsy, no direct investigation of this paroxysm in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), one of the main serotonergic nuclei, has been carried out. We have now recorded the EEG simultaneously with local field potentials and unit activity in DRN from WAG/Rij rats, one of the best established models of absence epilepsy during spontaneous SWDs. We have also compared this activity to that in the thalamocortical networks, where SWDs are generated, and in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), as this brain area is reciprocally connected to the DRN. We have found that SWDs propagate to the DRN with a short delay, and that the firing rate of its neurons changes during this type of paroxysm. These results provide the first direct evidence for clear alterations in the firing properties of mPFC and DRN neurons during spontaneous SWDs.