Hyporheic exchange and fulvic acid redox reactions in an Alpine stream/wetland ecosystem, Colorado Front Range

Environ Sci Technol. 2006 Oct 1;40(19):5943-9. doi: 10.1021/es060635j.

Abstract

The influence of hyporheic zone interactions on the redox state of fulvic acids and other redox active species was investigated in an alpine stream and adjacent wetland, which is a more reducing environment. A tracer injection experiment using bromide (Br-) was conducted in the stream system. Simulations with a transport model showed that rates of exchange between the stream and hyporheic zone were rapid (alpha approximately 10(-3) s(-1)). Parallel factor analysis of fluorescence spectra was used to quantifythe redox state of dissolved fulvic acids. The rate coefficient for oxidation of reduced fulvic acids (lambda = 6.5 x 10(-3) s(-1)) in the stream indicates that electron-transfer reactions occur over short time scales. The rate coefficients for decay of ammonium (lambda = 1.2 x 10(-3) s(-1)) and production of nitrate (lambda = -1.0 x 10(-3) s(-1)) were opposite in sign but almost equal in magnitude. Our results suggest that fulvic acids are involved in rapid electron-transfer processes in and near the stream channel and may be important in determining ecological energy flow at the catchment scale.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Benzopyrans / chemistry*
  • Bromine / analysis
  • Carbon / analysis
  • Colorado
  • Nitrates / analysis
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / analysis
  • Rivers / chemistry*
  • Wetlands*

Substances

  • Benzopyrans
  • Nitrates
  • Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
  • Carbon
  • Bromine
  • fulvic acid