Cys155 of 27 kDa maize gamma-zein is a key amino acid to improve its in vitro digestibility

FEBS Lett. 2006 Oct 30;580(25):5803-6. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2006.09.033. Epub 2006 Sep 27.

Abstract

Twenty-seven kilodalton gamma-zein is a subclass of the maize zein storage proteins and, due to its localization at the protein body periphery, is critical to digestibility characteristics of all zeins. This protein had low in vitro digestibility, presumably due to its high Cys content (7.35 mol%) that is similar to the hard-to-digest analogous sorghum protein, gamma-kafirin. Therefore, each of the conserved disulfide-bonded Cys' was mutated to create C144A, C148A, C155A, and C156A maize gamma-zein mutants. The C155A showed a remarkable increase in digestibility to proteases - pepsin, chymotrypsin, and trypsin. A high conservation of this Cys among cereal gamma-prolamins indicates the utility of this finding.

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Amino Acid Substitution
  • Animals
  • Base Sequence
  • Cysteine / chemistry
  • DNA, Plant / genetics
  • Digestion
  • Humans
  • In Vitro Techniques
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Molecular Weight
  • Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
  • Peptide Hydrolases
  • Recombinant Proteins / chemistry
  • Recombinant Proteins / genetics
  • Recombinant Proteins / metabolism
  • Zea mays / chemistry*
  • Zea mays / genetics
  • Zein / chemistry*
  • Zein / genetics
  • Zein / metabolism

Substances

  • DNA, Plant
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Zein
  • Peptide Hydrolases
  • Cysteine