Cerebral pressure autoregulation, a sensitive homeostatic mechanism important for the control of cerebral blood flow, is impaired by disease pathology and some drugs commonly used during anaesthesia. Therefore, the assessment of cerebral pressure autoregulation can help optimize cerebral blood flow in patients who have suffered neurological insults. In this article, we outline the means available for testing cerebral pressure autoregulation, thus allowing the reader to decide on the best strategy to adopt in their particular operating theatre and intensive care setting.