Are there empirically supported and clinically useful subtypes of alcohol dependence?

Addiction. 2006 Sep:101 Suppl 1:97-103. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01596.x.

Abstract

Aims: This paper provides an overview of several multidimensional empirically derived typologies of alcohol use disorders that have been derived primarily for research purposes in relation to their clinical utility.

Methods: Studies using multivariate statistical methods for identifying homogeneous groups of subjects were selected for inclusion. Theoretically based typologies were not included in this review.

Results: While formal diagnostic criteria typically identify separate categories of alcohol abuse and dependence, several studies using different statistical methods consistently suggest as many as four homogeneous types of alcoholism: a chronic/severe type, a depressed/anxious type, a mildly affected type and an antisocial type.

Conclusions: Even though the longitudinal outcomes of few empirically derived subtypes have been examined, alcoholism typologies remain a viable and potentially valuable tool for investigating etiological pathways, the effectiveness of treatments and the long-term course of alcohol use disorders.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Alcohol-Related Disorders / classification*
  • Alcohol-Related Disorders / diagnosis
  • Alcohol-Related Disorders / genetics
  • Alcoholism / classification
  • Alcoholism / diagnosis
  • Alcoholism / genetics
  • Antisocial Personality Disorder / complications
  • Antisocial Personality Disorder / diagnosis
  • Anxiety / complications
  • Anxiety / diagnosis
  • Child
  • Child Behavior Disorders / complications
  • Child Behavior Disorders / diagnosis
  • Chronic Disease
  • Cluster Analysis
  • Depression / complications
  • Depression / diagnosis
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Multivariate Analysis