The prescription of a pharmacological agent concludes most medical visits. The rational basis of drug prescription by the physician relies on numerous pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, pragmatic and economic considerations. However, it is a pity to notice that one patient out of two does not strictly follow the pharmacological treatment as it was prescribed. This article analyses some problems of the patient-doctor relationship, which may reduce medication compliance, and provides practical advice for improving such a situation in order to enhance both efficacy and safety of drug prescribing.