Chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) represents the cumulative and incremental damage to nephrons by time-dependent immunologic and nonimmunologic causes. Hyperlipidemia is one nonimmunologic mechanism that promotes injury and poor function in a renal transplant. The aim of our study was to determine the effect of lipid profiles on CAN among renal transplant recipients. We retrospectively evaluated 53 renal transplant recipients who were classified according to the presence of CAN: CAN+ = 28 (18 males, 10 females) constituted the study group, whereas those with stable graft function CAN- = 25 (14 males, 11 females) were the control group. Biochemical parameters included serum urea, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), lipoprotein (a), homocysteine, and high-sensitive CRP (hs CRP). Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and/or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) use was significantly greater among the CAN+ group compared with the controls (P = .02, P = .04). Also, higher serum creatinine levels were observed in the CAN+ group (1.49 vs 1.22 mg/dL, P = .002), whereas serum levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, hs CRP, and albumin were similar in both groups. The levels of ApoA1, ApoB, and lipoprotein (a) were similar, whereas the LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio and homocysteine levels were significantly higher in the CAN+ group (P = .04, P = .04). In conclusion, the LDL/HDL ratio may have a positive impact on CAN and may be used as a parameter during patient follow-up.