Eosinophil-associated gastrointestinal disorders (EGIDs) are characterized by a rich eosinophilic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract in the absence of known causes for eosinophilia or other gastrointestinal disorders. These disorders include eosinophilic esophagitis, eosinophilic gastritis, eosinophilic gastroenteritis, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic colitis, and are being recognized with increasing frequency. Clinical studies suggest that eosinophils have a pathogenic role in EGID; however, the function of eosinophils in these disorders remains an enigma. In this review, we briefly describe the clinical features of EGID of the esophagus, small bowel, and colon. We summarize recent experimental analysis examining the underlying contribution of eosinophils to disease pathogenesis and discuss possible therapeutic approaches for the treatment of these diverse diseases.