Chronic hepatitis C is defined as a long-term disease of the liver that can progress to liver cirrhosis with severe consequences. Use of antiviral therapy prevents these consequences and is advised in relation to whom is considered to be definitely appropriate. Current treatment of adults includes combined regimen of pegylated interferon alpha and ribavirin and has an advantage over monotherapy. Numerous side-effects can occur during treatment. Special population groups without general consensus about the treatment are children, patients with HIV co-infection, persons with renal disease, etc.