Response inhibition and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with and without oppositional defiant disorder screened from a community sample

Dev Neuropsychol. 2005;28(1):459-72. doi: 10.1207/s15326942dn2801_1.

Abstract

The study compared performance of children with high levels of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; n=22), children with ADHD and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD; n=19), and a control group (n=20) on a Go-No-go test in a self-paced and computer-paced condition. Each condition, in turn, was run in a reward and a nonreward condition. The children were recruited through screening of a school population without ADHD or ODD (N=450). Findings indicated that children having high levels of ADHD plus ODD showed poor impulse control in all 4 conditions. No poor impulse control was found in the group with high levels of ADHD. This group demonstrated slower RTs across the computer-paced conditions. Findings were discussed in terms of the response-inhibition hypothesis, as formulated by Barkley (1997), the delay-aversion theory (Sonuga-Barke, 1995), and the state-regulation theory (Van der Meere, 2002).

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / epidemiology
  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / physiopathology
  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / psychology*
  • Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / epidemiology
  • Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / physiopathology
  • Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / psychology*
  • Child
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Inhibition, Psychological*
  • Male
  • Mass Screening / methods
  • Neuropsychological Tests / statistics & numerical data
  • Reaction Time / physiology
  • Residence Characteristics*
  • Reward