Protein unfolding and refolding under force: methodologies for nanomechanics

Chemphyschem. 2005 Jan;6(1):29-34. doi: 10.1002/cphc.200400343.

Abstract

An increasing number of inter- and intramolecular interactions can nowadays be probed using single-molecule manipulation techniques. Protein unfolding and refolding is the most representative--though complex--of these interactions. Herein, we review the main modes of performing a force unfolding experiment: the velocity clamp and the new force clamp mode. We also compare some of the physical aspects behind the two most frequently used single-molecule manipulation instrumentations: optical tweezers and atomic force microscopes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biophysics / methods*
  • Chemistry, Physical / methods*
  • Connectin
  • DNA / chemistry
  • Microscopy, Atomic Force
  • Muscle Proteins / chemistry
  • Myosins / chemistry
  • Nanotechnology / methods*
  • Protein Conformation
  • Protein Denaturation
  • Protein Folding
  • Protein Kinases / chemistry
  • Protein Structure, Secondary
  • Proteins / chemistry
  • Stress, Mechanical

Substances

  • Connectin
  • Muscle Proteins
  • Proteins
  • DNA
  • Protein Kinases
  • Myosins