Background: Large cell variant of small cell carcinoma hypercalcemic type (SCC-HT) is extremely rare. All reported cases involved an ovary, and one with primary peritoneal origin has not been described. Also, convincing neuroendocrine granules have not been illustrated.
Case: A 35-year-old woman underwent an exploratory laparotomy for leiomyomas. Intraoperative impression of peritoneal carcinomatosis was confirmed on frozen section. TAH/BSO, debulking/omentectomy followed. The tumor was present on the pelvic/abdominal peritoneum. The normal-sized ovaries were free of tumor grossly. The tumor had features of large cell variant of SCC-HT, described in the ovary. Furthermore, unequivocal neuroendocrine granules were present. The patient received standard chemotherapy for SCC. At 22 months she is NED.
Conclusion: SCC-HT should be considered in the differential diagnosis of primary neoplasms of the peritoneum.