Congenital diaphragmatic hernia: prenatal diagnosis permits immediate intensive care with high survival rate in isolated cases. A population-based study

Prenat Diagn. 2004 Jul;24(7):487-93. doi: 10.1002/pd.909.

Abstract

Objectives: To estimate the prognosis of prenatally diagnosed isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia (PDICDH) treated with 'immediate planned care' (IPC) between 1999 and 2003 in Eastern Brittany.

Methods: The prognosis of PDICDH was compared with the prognosis of the other live-born CDH, either prenatally undiagnosed or not having had IPC. IPC consisted in prenatal lung maturation with corticosteroids, elective caesarean section at 37 weeks, immediate intubation, surfactant, high- frequency ventilation or oscillation, nitric oxide, intravenous prostacyclin, anaesthesia and haemodynamic support. Surgical repair was performed in the NICU 34 h after birth.

Results: The incidence of CDH was 0.8 per thousand with a prenatal diagnosis rate of 27/30 (90%), leading to a termination of pregnancy in nine cases. Ten CDH were associated with other malformations. IPC in PDICDH was performed in 12 cases. The survival rate of PDICDH with IPC was 11/12 versus 1/9 in CDH with no IPC or no prenatal diagnosis (p < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that IPC was determinant for survival (p < 0.01).

Conclusion: Prenatal diagnosis of isolated CDH treated with immediate planned care is associated with a high survival rate. This suggests that prenatal diagnosis associated with specifically adapted postnatal procedure may improve the prognosis of isolated CDH.

MeSH terms

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / pharmacology
  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / therapeutic use
  • Cesarean Section
  • Female
  • Fetal Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Fetal Diseases / embryology
  • Fetal Diseases / therapy
  • Fetal Organ Maturity / drug effects
  • Gestational Age
  • Hernia, Diaphragmatic / diagnosis*
  • Hernia, Diaphragmatic / embryology
  • Hernia, Diaphragmatic / therapy
  • Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital*
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Intensive Care, Neonatal
  • Logistic Models
  • Lung / drug effects
  • Lung / embryology
  • Male
  • Pregnancy
  • Prenatal Diagnosis*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Survival Rate
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones