Short-term effects of gastric bypass surgery on circulating ghrelin levels

Obes Res. 2004 Jul;12(7):1108-16. doi: 10.1038/oby.2004.139.

Abstract

Objective: To prospectively evaluate the short-term effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) on ghrelin secretion and its relevance on food intake and body weight changes.

Research methods and procedures: Ghrelin response to a standardized test meal was evaluated in eight obese patients (BMI, 43.5 to 59.1 kg/m2) before and 6 weeks after RYGBP. Ghrelin response was compared with that of an age-matched group of six normal weight individuals (BMI, 19.6 to 24.9 kg/m2).

Results: Fasting serum ghrelin levels were lower in obese subjects compared with controls (p < 0.05). Meal ingestion significantly suppressed ghrelin concentration in controls (p < 0.05) and obese subjects (p < 0.05), albeit to a lesser degree in the latter group (p < 0.05). Despite a 10.3 +/- 1.5% weight loss, fasting serum ghrelin levels were paradoxically further decreased in obese subjects 6 weeks after RYGBP (p < 0.05). Moreover, at this time-point, food intake did not elicit a significant ghrelin suppression. The changes in ghrelin secretion after RYGBP correlated with changes in insulin sensitivity (p < 0.05) and caloric intake (p < 0.05).

Discussion: This study showed that the adaptive response of ghrelin to body weight loss was already impaired 6 weeks after RYGBP. Our study provides circumstantial evidence for the potential role of ghrelin in the negative energy balance in RYGBP-operated patients.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Body Mass Index
  • Eating / physiology
  • Energy Intake
  • Energy Metabolism
  • Fasting
  • Female
  • Food
  • Gastric Bypass*
  • Ghrelin
  • Humans
  • Insulin / pharmacology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Obesity / blood
  • Obesity / surgery*
  • Peptide Hormones / blood*
  • Peptide Hormones / physiology
  • Time Factors
  • Weight Loss / physiology

Substances

  • Ghrelin
  • Insulin
  • Peptide Hormones