Mizolastine and fexofenadine modulate cytokine pattern after nasal allergen challenge

Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004 Apr;36(4):146-50.

Abstract

Allergen specific nasal challenge (ASNC) is an optimal model to study the pathophysiological mechanisms sustaining allergic inflammation, particularly the cytokine pattern. Antihistamines have been accepted as a highly effective therapy for allergic rhinitis. The aim of this double blind, randomised, placebo controlled study was the evaluation of symptoms and cytokines, during the early phase, after a single dose of mizolastine (10 mg), fexofenadine (120 mg) or placebo, using the model of ASNC. A total of 30 patients with allergic rhinitis underwent nasal challenge 6 hours after treatment. The following parameters were evaluated 30 minutes after ASNC (i.e. early phase): nasal symptoms (rhinorrhea, itching, sneezing, obstruction), and cytokine pattern, including IL1, IL6, and TNFalpha. Mizolastine was associated with early phase reduction of: i) clinical symptoms (p < 0.03), ii) cyotkine levels of IL1 (p = 0.003), IL6 (p < 0.007), and TNF_ (p < 0.003) in comparison with placebo group. Fexofenadine significantly inhibited IL6 (p < 0.004) and TNFalpha (p < 0.004) levels in comparison with placebo. The present findings demonstrate that mizolastine exerts a significant effect on early phase events, reducing symptoms and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Fexofenadine reduces TNFalpha and IL6 levels only. These effects appear to be clinical relevant for mizolastine.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Allergens
  • Anti-Allergic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Anti-Allergic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Benzimidazoles / pharmacology*
  • Benzimidazoles / therapeutic use
  • Conjunctivitis, Allergic / blood
  • Conjunctivitis, Allergic / drug therapy*
  • Conjunctivitis, Allergic / etiology
  • Cytokines / blood*
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • Histamine H1 Antagonists / pharmacology*
  • Histamine H1 Antagonists / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Interleukin-1 / blood
  • Interleukin-6 / blood
  • Male
  • Nasal Provocation Tests
  • Parietaria
  • Pollen
  • Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / blood
  • Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / drug therapy*
  • Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / etiology
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Terfenadine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Terfenadine / pharmacology*
  • Terfenadine / therapeutic use
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / analysis

Substances

  • Allergens
  • Anti-Allergic Agents
  • Benzimidazoles
  • Cytokines
  • Histamine H1 Antagonists
  • Interleukin-1
  • Interleukin-6
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • mizolastine
  • Terfenadine
  • fexofenadine