Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) is a key transcription factor that controls adipocyte differentiation and fat deposition in mammals. The primary goal of this study was to investigate PPARG as a candidate gene for meat quality and carcass traits in swine. Part of the PPARG promoter, along with the most 5'-proximal exon of the gene, was amplified by PCR and subsequently screened for polymorphisms by sequencing. A Met59Val substitution was detected in the porcine PPARG gene along with four polymorphisms in the promoter region of the adipose-specific PPARG2. Three of these polymorphisms were chosen for genotyping and tested for association with meat quality, carcass and growth traits, according to the candidate gene approach. More than 1500 animals from different lines and populations were used in the study with records for meat quality and carcass traits. No convincing associations were found between the traits investigated and the PPARG genotypes. It does not appear that variation at the PPARG locus is affecting meat quality, carcass or growth traits in the pig populations studied.