Based on the principles of landscape ecology and community ecology, the Wuyishan district was classified into 10 landscape types, and the patch size distribution of this district was characterized by six types of probability distribution, including normal, lognormal, Weibull, Gamma, Beta and negative exponential. The results showed that most of patch types could be characterized by lognormal distribution, a few of them could be characterized by Gamma or Weibull distribution. Normal distribution was not suitable to characterize the patch size distribution. For the same type of landscape, its patch size distribution was not the same under three different classifications, which meant that there was a hierarchical effect in the distribution pattern of patch size. Among the three classifications, the distribution characteristics of patch sizes could be better revealed by the second classification(b). For different types of landscape, the distribution of patch sizes were different. None of the six probability distributions could characterize the patch size distribution of all the types of landscape or the whole scenery district. The new patch collective, which was composed of the two landscape types, would keep the pattern if the two different landscape types had the same distribution pattern of patch sizes, otherwise, its distribution would change if the patch sizes distribution of the two landscape types were different.