Statistics is a methodology involving a great number of statistical methods. It results in confusion of many clinicians and researchers while they are meditating on how to analyze the collected data in their studies, selecting an appropriate statistical method from all. In fact, the statistical methods are closely correlated to the research design and the data types. Therefore only with a full comprehension of the design methods and the data types can we figure out a simple and practical means from diverse statistical analysis methods. Through the systematic illustration in this review, several statistical concepts, data types, design methods, and the proper way of explaining results with statistical tables and graphs will be demonstrated elaborately. It intends to help the clinicians and researchers select appropriate statistical methods and furthermore, interpret the statistical outcomes accurately in their research.