Bleeding following coronary surgery after preoperative low-molecular-weight heparin

Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2004 Mar;12(1):3-6. doi: 10.1177/021849230401200102.

Abstract

Low-molecular-weight heparin and acetyl salicylic acid have become an established treatment for unstable angina. A retrospective study on our database of one year was carried out to see what impact preoperative low-molecular-weight heparin versus none had on the postoperative course of 473 patients having coronary surgery exclusively. Apart from the fact that the low-molecular-weight heparin patients had a higher New York Heart Association classification and marginally more grafts, longer bypass and cross-clamp time, the preoperative characteristics and surgery of the two groups were similar. The low-molecular-weight heparin group had twice as many (9.7% versus 4.7%) re-operations for bleeding, 46% versus 26% had blood transfusion and 22.3% versus 12.6% plasma transfusion. The postoperative outcome was otherwise similar. Preoperative treatment of unstable angina with low-molecular-weight heparin carries a definite risk of postoperative bleeding. Although this study did not reveal any serious consequences, bleeding, transfusions and re-operations are associated with infections, wound healing problems and death. The indications and length of treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin in unstable angina patients have to be appropriate and the perioperative management of these patients has to address the bleeding tendency.

MeSH terms

  • Age Distribution
  • Aged
  • Angina, Unstable / diagnosis
  • Angina, Unstable / surgery*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Coronary Artery Bypass / adverse effects*
  • Coronary Artery Bypass / methods
  • Female
  • Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight / administration & dosage
  • Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight / adverse effects*
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Postoperative Hemorrhage / chemically induced*
  • Postoperative Hemorrhage / epidemiology
  • Preoperative Care / methods
  • Probability
  • Prognosis
  • Reference Values
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Sex Distribution

Substances

  • Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight