The 1997 World Cancer Research Fund and the American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) report, Food, Nutrition and the Prevention of Cancer: a global perspective, has become the most authoritative statement on the topic. WCRF International has begun the process of producing its second global report on food, nutrition, physical activity, and the prevention of cancer. The process is in three stages. The first begins with the development of a suitable methodology as advised by a task force of experts. The second stage will involve the systematic collection and display of the evidence by independent review teams. The final stage will be the assessment and judgment of that evidence by an independent panel of experts responsible for the content of the report, including its conclusions and recommendations. Two major differences between this report and previous reports on the prevention of chronic diseases are that a portfolio approach to the evidence is being used in which all types of study are weighed and the process of collecting and displaying the evidence is being clearly separated from assessment and judgment. This paper outlines the methodological procedures and their development that will be applied for the second WCRF International report.