Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is the main product of the intestinal processing of proglucagon. It is released from the intestinal K-cells into the circulation in response to the oral ingestion of food. At the pancreatic beta cell GLP-1 is a potent insulin secretagogue in the presence of elevated glucose levels, defining glucagon-like peptide-1 as a new incretin. Its action is mediated by specific receptors coupled to the adenylate cyclase system by a stimulatory G-protein. Finally, glucagon-like peptide-1 stimulates proinsulin gene expression and it is thus involved at several levels in the regulation of insulin synthesis and secretion.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Adenylyl Cyclases / metabolism
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Animals
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Binding Sites
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Galanin
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Gene Expression Regulation
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Glucagon / metabolism
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Glucagon / physiology*
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Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
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Insulin / metabolism*
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Insulin Secretion
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Intestinal Mucosa / cytology
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Intestinal Mucosa / metabolism*
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Islets of Langerhans / metabolism*
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Peptide Fragments / metabolism
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Peptide Fragments / physiology*
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Peptides / physiology
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Proinsulin / genetics
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Protein Precursors / metabolism
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Protein Precursors / physiology*
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Somatostatin / metabolism
Substances
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Insulin
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Peptide Fragments
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Peptides
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Protein Precursors
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Somatostatin
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Galanin
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Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
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Glucagon
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Proinsulin
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Adenylyl Cyclases