Postoperative adjuvant locoregional chemotherapy was performed on patients who underwent hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma with permeation of tumor into portal vein and/or into hepatic vein and/or intrahepatic metastasis to prevent recurrence. Twenty patients received intra-hepato-arterial infusion of chemotherapeutic drugs or Lipiodol, or transcatheter arterial embolization as adjuvant therapy, and 25 patients did not receive the therapy. There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate between the two groups, and disease-free-survival would not be improved significantly by adjuvant therapy. But the disease-free-survival was improved in patients who underwent relative noncurative hepatectomies. Median duration from the hepatic resection to the recurrence was prolonged by adjuvant therapy, but no significant difference was noted between the two groups. Serious hepatic injury was a side effect of adjuvant therapy in one patient. Therefore great care was necessary when performing the therapy. Further study on choice of the drugs and methods was considered necessary to obtain more effective therapy.