Critical role of Src and SHP-2 in sst2 somatostatin receptor-mediated activation of SHP-1 and inhibition of cell proliferation

Mol Biol Cell. 2003 Sep;14(9):3911-28. doi: 10.1091/mbc.e03-02-0069. Epub 2003 Jul 11.

Abstract

The G protein-coupled sst2 somatostatin receptor acts as a negative cell growth regulator. Sst2 transmits antimitogenic signaling by recruiting and activating the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1. We now identified Src and SHP-2 as sst2-associated molecules and demonstrated their role in sst2 signaling. Surface plasmon resonance and mutation analyses revealed that SHP-2 directly associated with phosphorylated tyrosine 228 and 312, which are located in sst2 ITIMs (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs). This interaction was required for somatostatin-induced SHP-1 recruitment and activation and consequent inhibition of cell proliferation. Src interacted with sst2 and somatostatin promoted a transient Gbetagamma-dependent Src activation concomitant with sst2 tyrosine hyperphosphorylation and SHP-2 activation. These steps were abrogated with catalytically inactive Src. Both catalytically inactive Src and SHP-2 mutants abolished somatostatin-induced SHP-1 activation and cell growth inhibition. Sst2-Src-SHP-2 complex formation was dynamic. Somatostatin further induced sst2 tyrosine dephosphorylation and complex dissociation accompanied by Src and SHP-2 inhibition. These steps were defective in cells expressing a catalytically inactive Src mutant. All these data suggest that Src acts upstream of SHP-2 in sst2 signaling and provide evidence for a functional role for Src and SHP-2 downstream of an inhibitory G protein-coupled receptor.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Motifs / physiology
  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols
  • COS Cells
  • Cell Division / physiology
  • Chlorocebus aethiops
  • Cricetinae
  • Cyclophosphamide
  • DNA Mutational Analysis
  • Doxorubicin
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Models, Molecular
  • Phosphorylation
  • Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11
  • Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6
  • Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / metabolism*
  • Rats
  • Receptors, Somatostatin / analysis
  • Receptors, Somatostatin / metabolism*
  • Somatostatin / analogs & derivatives*
  • Somatostatin / pharmacology
  • Surface Plasmon Resonance
  • Vincristine
  • src-Family Kinases / metabolism*

Substances

  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Receptors, Somatostatin
  • vapreotide
  • Somatostatin
  • Vincristine
  • Doxorubicin
  • Cyclophosphamide
  • somatostatin receptor 2
  • src-Family Kinases
  • Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11
  • Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6
  • Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases
  • Ptpn11 protein, rat
  • Ptpn6 protein, rat

Supplementary concepts

  • CAV protocol