Correlation of haemagglutinin-neuraminidase and fusion protein content with protective antibody response after immunisation with inactivated Newcastle disease vaccines

Vaccine. 2003 Jul 4;21(23):3137-42. doi: 10.1016/s0264-410x(03)00249-4.

Abstract

The correlation between the antigen content of inactivated Newcastle disease (ND) oil emulsion-vaccines and the serological response after immunisation was studied. The haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and fusion (F) proteins of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) were quantified in 33 inactivated oil-adjuvanted ND vaccines using isopropylmyristate (IPM)-extraction and antigen ELISAs. These commercial vaccines differed in NDV-vaccine strain, the method applied to inactivate the vaccine virus, the vaccine valence and the composition of the oil emulsions. Large differences, up to 100-fold, in the antigen quantities present in different vaccines were found. The NDV-HN content and the NDV-F content of the vaccines both highly correlated with the haemagglutination-inhibiting (HI) antibody titres after immunisation. These correlation's were found over a 10,000-fold range of applied antigen. The antigen content of the oil emulsion-vaccines also highly correlated with virus neutralising antibody titres. The presence of serum HI antibody titres in individual specific pathogens free (SPF)-chickens after immunisation with inactivated ND vaccines was highly indicative for clinical protection against challenge with the virulent NDV-Herts strain. Our results are the first to demonstrate that the protective serological response after immunisation highly correlates with the antigen content of oil-adjuvanted vaccines.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adjuvants, Immunologic
  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Viral / analysis
  • Antibodies, Viral / biosynthesis*
  • Antigens, Viral / analysis
  • Antigens, Viral / immunology
  • Chickens
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic
  • Emulsions
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Hemagglutinins / biosynthesis*
  • Immunization
  • Immunoenzyme Techniques
  • Neuraminidase / biosynthesis*
  • Neutralization Tests
  • Newcastle Disease / immunology*
  • Newcastle Disease / prevention & control*
  • Newcastle disease virus / immunology*
  • Oils
  • Poultry Diseases / immunology*
  • Poultry Diseases / prevention & control*
  • Viral Fusion Proteins / biosynthesis
  • Viral Fusion Proteins / genetics
  • Viral Vaccines / immunology*

Substances

  • Adjuvants, Immunologic
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Antigens, Viral
  • Emulsions
  • Hemagglutinins
  • Oils
  • Viral Fusion Proteins
  • Viral Vaccines
  • Neuraminidase