Objectives: Langerhan's cell histiocytosis is an uncommon disease characterized by abnormal proliferation of Langerhan's cells into different organs and tissues. Head and neck involvement is commonly described and presents a difficult management challenge. We report our experience at the Lille University Hospital and review the main features of this disease and current management strategies.
Patients and methods: We analyzed retrospectively 25 cases of Langerhan's cell histiocytosis treated in our center between 1978 and 2001. Attention was focused on head and neck involvement in order to assess the clinical, therapeutic, and prognostic significance of these localizations.
Results: Head and neck involvement is frequently encountered in Langerhan's cell histiocytosis. Although morbidity and mortality are changed little by this localization, management decisions are greatly affected. A multidisciplinary approach is necessary.
Conclusion: Current therapeutic approaches are in favor of a wait and see policy or chemotherapy instead of aggressive local treatments including surgery or radiotherapy.