The first tris(arene)niobium complex, [Nb(1-4-eta 4-anthracene)3]-, has been obtained by the sodium or potassium anthracene reduction of NbCl4(THF)2, structurally characterized by X-ray analysis and shown to undergo facile anthracene displacement reactions in the presence of excess CO, PF3, 1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraene and P(OMe)3.