Cardiovascular risk reduction and dietary compliance with a home-delivered diet and lifestyle modification program

J Am Diet Assoc. 2002 Oct;102(10):1445-51. doi: 10.1016/s0002-8223(02)90320-2.

Abstract

Lack of adherence to diet contributes to ineffective dietary responsiveness and elevated cardiovascular risk factors in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. Our purpose was to determine if home-delivered, heart-healthy meals and snacks, combined with telephone diet education, would be efficacious in improving dietary compliance, quality of life, and cardiovascular risk factors (primarily low-density lipoprotein [LDL] cholesterol and body weight) in CHD patients. Participants were 35 free-living subjects (21 men, 14 postmenopausal women) with a mean age of 62 (ranging from 40 to 79 years) in an 8-week diet intervention. A registered dietitian provided diet education over the telephone and weekly menus averaging 67% carbohydrate, 16% protein, 17% fat, 4% saturated fat, 5% monounsaturated fat, 128 mg cholesterol, and 25 g fiber. Lipid profiles, anthropometric measures, food records, and quality of diet, and life questionnaires were obtained at baseline, week 4, and week 8. Mean compliance-defined as percentage of prepared food energy consumed divided by percentage of prepared food energy provided-was 91% at 4 weeks and 88% at 8 weeks. After 8 weeks, significant reductions in weight (-3.7 kg), waist circumference (-2.0 in), hip circumference (-1.3 in), body mass index (-1.21 kg/m2), total cholesterol (-0.17 mmol/dL, -7.0 mg/dL), and LDL cholesterol (-0.19 mmol/dL, -7.5 mg/dL) (P<.05) were achieved without significant changes in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.00 mmol/dL, 0.0 mg/dL) or triglycerides (+0.06 mmol/dL, +2.5 mg/dL). Significant improvements in quality of life and quality of diet (P < .05) were also demonstrated. This program could be a useful additive component to traditional medical nutrition therapy to improve dietary adherence.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cholesterol, LDL / blood
  • Coronary Disease / blood
  • Coronary Disease / diet therapy*
  • Dietary Fats / administration & dosage
  • Dietary Services* / methods
  • Female
  • Food Services*
  • Home Care Services*
  • Humans
  • Life Style
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient Compliance
  • Quality of Life
  • Risk Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Weight Loss

Substances

  • Cholesterol, LDL
  • Dietary Fats