Efficient synthesis of alpha-aryl esters by room-temperature palladium-catalyzed coupling of aryl halides with ester enolates

J Am Chem Soc. 2002 Oct 23;124(42):12557-65. doi: 10.1021/ja027643u.

Abstract

A catalytic amount of Pd(dba)(2) ligated by either carbene precursor N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazolium (1) or P(t-Bu)(3) mediated the coupling of aryl halides and ester enolates to produce alpha-aryl esters in high yields at room temperature. The reaction was highly tolerant of functionalities and substitution patterns on the aryl halide. Improved protocols for the selective monoarylation of tert-butyl acetate and the efficient arylation of alpha,alpha-disubstituted esters were developed with LiNCy(2) as base and P(t-Bu)(3) as ligand. In addition, tert-butyl esters, such as those of Naproxen and Flurbiprofen, were prepared from tert-butyl propionate and aryl bromides in high yields in the presence of Pd(dba)(2) and the hindered, saturated heterocyclic carbene ligand precursor.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Acetates / chemistry
  • Amines / chemistry
  • Catalysis
  • Esters / chemical synthesis*
  • Hydrocarbons, Aromatic / chemical synthesis
  • Hydrocarbons, Aromatic / chemistry
  • Hydrocarbons, Halogenated / chemistry*
  • Kinetics
  • Ligands
  • Organometallic Compounds / chemistry
  • Palladium / chemistry*
  • Temperature

Substances

  • Acetates
  • Amines
  • Esters
  • Hydrocarbons, Aromatic
  • Hydrocarbons, Halogenated
  • Ligands
  • Organometallic Compounds
  • Palladium
  • tert-butyl acetate