Objective: To study the bone formation and osteogenesis after transplantation of human periosteal mesenchymal stem cells(PMSC).
Methods: Suspension of PMSC which obtained from cell culture of periosteal segments in vitro were injected into the backs of nude mice subcutaneously, and the fracture site of neck of femur in old person.
Results: Subdermal nodules were observed by naked eyes after 11 days of transplantation. 4 weeks later, their anatomic diameter reached 2-7 mm(averaged 3.6 mm). It was proved that the subdermal nodules were trabecular ball trapped with fibrous tissue. The nodules were investigated by human special apoB gene with PCR, and the test of anti-human-tissue precipitin reaction(AHTPR). The results of PCR and AHTPR were positive reaction. There were no subdermal nodules formed in the sites of injection of frozen-melted PMSC or culture medium. The new callus in the sites of fracture were tested by PCR test, and two kinds of apoB gene products were detected.
Conclusion: The results indicated that the implanted PMSC could form new bone directly in nude mice, and the cells of donor and recipient all could form new bone.