Abstract
Response regulators are the output component of two-component regulatory systems, the predominant form of signal transduction systems utilized by prokaryotes. The majority of response regulators function as transcription factors, yet detailed descriptions of their mechanisms of DNA binding and its consequences are lacking. Versatility in the modes of DNA binding is evident with winged helix-turn-helix proteins, raising doubts that mechanisms of DNA binding will be generalizable among members of the family. The current focus of some of the research efforts aimed at understanding activation and DNA binding by response regulators is highlighted in this review.
Publication types
-
Comparative Study
-
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
-
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
-
Review
MeSH terms
-
Amino Acid Sequence
-
Bacterial Proteins / genetics*
-
Binding Sites
-
DNA-Binding Proteins / chemistry
-
DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism
-
Genes, Regulator
-
Helix-Turn-Helix Motifs
-
Molecular Sequence Data
-
Protein Structure, Secondary
-
Response Elements
-
Sequence Alignment
-
Structure-Activity Relationship
-
Trans-Activators / chemistry
-
Trans-Activators / genetics*
-
Trans-Activators / metabolism
-
Transcription Factors / chemistry
-
Transcription Factors / genetics*
-
Transcription Factors / metabolism
-
Water-Electrolyte Balance
Substances
-
Bacterial Proteins
-
DNA-Binding Proteins
-
Trans-Activators
-
Transcription Factors
-
osmolarity response regulator proteins